As the core carrier of power transmission, the stable operation of cables is directly related to production safety and energy supply efficiency. In long-term use, cables may experience faults such as water ingress, short circuits, grounding, etc. due to environmental erosion, external damage, or improper operation. If not handled in a timely manner, it may lead to equipment damage, power interruption, and even safety accidents. It is crucial to develop scientific and efficient emergency response plans for these common faults.Common cables include XLPE Insulated Wire, FEP Insulated Wire, and so on.
Emergency response to cable water ingress fault
After the cable enters the water, the moisture under the action of the electric field can easily cause the phenomenon of "water tree aging", and long-term accumulation may lead to insulation breakdown, posing a threat to the safety of the power system. Emergency response needs to be implemented in three steps:
1. Emergency sealing and testing: Upon discovering water ingress, immediately locate the leak point and clean up the surrounding debris. Apply specialized cable sealing adhesive evenly to the leak and outer skin to ensure sealing. Subsequently, the cable condition was evaluated through insulation resistance testing, partial discharge detection, and other methods.
2. Insulation repair and drying: If water ingress is severe, hot nitrogen pressure drying method can be used to remove internal moisture, or heat shrink tubing method or filling adhesive repair method can be used to repair the insulation layer. For the situation of water ingress at both ends, cut off the damp part and remake the cable head.
3. Preventive measures: Ensure that the cable head is well sealed during installation, and outdoor cable wells need to be supported and fixed with brackets; Regularly conduct pressure leakage tests to promptly identify potential hazards.
Emergency handling of cable short circuit faults
Short circuit faults are often caused by insulation damage or abnormal connection ports, accompanied by high temperatures and discharge phenomena. It is necessary to quickly cut off the fault source to prevent expansion:
1. Power outage and isolation: Immediately stop the power supply, use insulated tools to cut off the short circuited cables, and avoid the spread of faults. The low-voltage section can be temporarily patched with insulation sheets for emergency use, waiting to be replaced with new cables.
2. Defect handling: Use online maintenance technology to repair insulation defects or activate backup cables to replace operation. If the short-circuit point is located at the middle joint, the joint needs to be remade and the sealing needs to be strengthened.
3. Daily prevention: Regularly check the aging and cracking of the cable sheath to avoid overloading operation; Choose high-quality cables and set maintenance plans to extend their service life.
Emergency handling of cable grounding faults
Grounding faults are often caused by insulation failure or external damage, which may lead to equipment leakage or system failure:
1. Fault location: detect the grounding resistance through the insulation tester to determine the location of the fault point. If the grounding occurs in the high-voltage line, the fault section shall be isolated first.
2. Repair and replacement: repair the insulation of aging or damaged cables, such as using heat shrinkable sleeves to enhance protection; If the insulation performance cannot be recovered, it is necessary to cut off the fault section and replace the cable with a new one.
3. Management optimization: Strengthen the production process of cable heads and use cold shrink accessories to enhance sealing; Long cables can be equipped with branch boxes to limit the spread of faults.
Principles of Comprehensive Emergency Management
Quick response: Immediately activate contingency plans after a malfunction occurs, prioritize personnel safety, and reduce power outage losses.
Scientific disposal: Select targeted solutions based on the type of fault to avoid blind operation; Equipped with professional equipment such as insulation testers and hot nitrogen drying devices.
Prevention oriented: Regularly conduct cable testing (such as withstand voltage testing, partial discharge monitoring), strengthen environmental assessment for laying, and select water-resistant materials.
